Abstract
Arteriovenous Shunt (AV Shunt) is a minor surgical operation that connects (creating anastomoses) the arteries and veins in the arm or other body part for the purpose of making connection access for hemodialysis. AV shunt is the primary choice in establishing vascular access for hemodialysis in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). Therefore, this study aims to review the arteriovenous shunt as a hemodialysis access option in CKD patients. The literature study was conducted by searching various written sources, whether in the form of books, archives, articles and journals, or documents relevant to the problem being studied. The mortality rate after AV shunt is 0%, even though it still has postoperative complications. Based on the location of the operation, making the AV shunt is prioritized on the distal part that is not dominant to minimize the damage to the AV shunt. The location of the wrist, namely the brachiocephalic, is a top priority in making an AV shunt because it has many advantages. AV shunt is the primary choice of vascular access for hemodialysis in patients with chronic kidney disease. It is hoped that through the AV shunt, the life expectancy of patients with CKD can be increased, and patients with CKD must receive support from other disciplines such as interns, psychologists, and the patient's family.
Highlights
The kidney is an organ located retroperitoneally in the abdominal wall on the right and left of the vertebral column at the level of the vertebrae T12 to L3.1 The kidneys have essential functions, such as excretion and secretion of waste metabolites out of the body
Replacement therapy required by patients with chronic kidney disease must replace the kidneys’ excretory, secretory, and endocrine functions because in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), these three functions are deteriorating
Replacement therapy can be broadly divided into kidney transplantation and dialysis.[2,3]
Summary
The kidney is an organ located retroperitoneally in the abdominal wall on the right and left of the vertebral column at the level of the vertebrae T12 to L3.1 The kidneys have essential functions, such as excretion and secretion of waste metabolites out of the body. If the physiological function of the kidney decreases or does not function at all, conservative treatment such as diet, limiting fluid consumption, drugs, etc., will not give significant results in that condition; hemodialysis should be done immediately. This condition is called Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD).[2]. Replacement therapy required by patients with chronic kidney disease must replace the kidneys’ excretory, secretory, and endocrine functions because in CKD, these three functions are deteriorating. Vascular dialysis is further divided into several types, such as a double-lumen shortterm catheter, long term double-lumen catheter, arteriovenous (AV) shunt, and arteriovenous graft.[4]
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