Arterial Patterns of the Face in Camelidamorpha.

Abstract

Arteries supplying the intermandibular, mental, masseteric, buccal, labial, and nasal regions of the face in selected species belonging to the suborder Tylopoda are described in this study. Analyses were conducted on a total of five species representing the family Camelidae based on 27 heads of cadaveric specimens, which were prepared by arterial injection with acetone-dissolved stained vinyl super chloride or stained latex LBS3060. Vascularization of regions of the face was formed by the facial, sublingual, mental, transverse facial, buccal, and infraorbital arteries. It was confirmed that the linguofacial trunk is absent in Camelidae. In turn, in camels the deep temporal artery descended in the common trunk with the transverse facial artery, while in llamas and alpacas it was a direct branch of the maxillary artery. It was shown that the pattern of facial arteries in Camelidamorpha exhibits specific traits for this clade and differs from the system of these arteries in other artiodactyls. The described specific character in arterial vascularization of the face not only expands the spectrum of morphological characteristics in Camelidae, but it also provides information which may prove useful for clinical purposes in veterinary practice. Anat Rec, 301:2122-2127, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.