Arterial hypertension and prediabetes

Abstract

Background and objectivesThe aim of this study was to assess the factors related to new diabetes in hypertensive. Patients and methodsThis prospective follow-up study involved 2588 non-diabetic, hypertensive patients. The total follow-up was 15,053 patient-years with a median of 3.4 years (interquartile interval 1.4–6.8). ResultsDuring the follow-up, 333 (13%) patients had new diabetes, with a conversion rate of 2.21 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.98–2.46) 100/patients/year. In a Cox proportional hazard model including baseline characteristics and modifications during the follow-up the three components of metabolic syndrome (excluding blood pressure and glucose values) HR 1.69 (95% CI, 1.36–2.09), family history of diabetes HR 1.49 (95% CI, 1.20–1.85) and baseline blood glucose ≥110mg/dl HR 7.84 (95% CI, 5.99–10.29) were the most important factors related to new diabetes. Weight variation during the follow-up, and statins, beta-blockers or diuretic treatment did not increase the risk of new diabetes, blood pressure control at the end of study reduce the risk HR 0.74 (95% CI, 0.61–0.91). ConclusionsIn hypertensive non-diabetic patients in primary prevention the factors related to new diabetes can easily identified at the beginning of follow-up. Being obese, with family history of diabetes, and glucose values ≥110mg/dl dramatically increase the risk of developing new diabetes.