Arterial Embolization: A Superior Treatment for Massive Urinary Tract Bleeding in Emergency Care

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the effect of arterial embolism (AE) in patients with massive urinary system bleeding (MBUS). Methods: From September 2018 to September 2023, 175 cases of MBUS patients in the emergency department of the hospital were randomly selected and divided into groups according to the length of stay. Among them, 85 cases (September 2018 – September 2020) underwent bladder irrigation treatment with aluminum potassium sulfate solution through a catheter (Group A), and 90 cases (October 2020 – September 2023) underwent AE treatment (Group B). The treatment effects of the two groups were compared. Results: The treatment effectiveness of Group B is higher than that of Group A (P < 0.05). The urinary hemoglobin level of Group B is lower than that of Group A at 1, 6, 12, and 24 hours after treatment (P < 0.05). Among the 90 cases treated with AE, 7 cases had a fever, with body temperatures ranging from 37.3°C to 38.9℃, with a mean temperature of 38.2 ± 0.3℃. Four cases experienced local pain, nausea, and vomiting, while two cases of intra-iliac AE showed transient buttock pain. These patients with adverse reactions were treated symptomatically for 7 days. All patients recovered after treatment. Intravenous urography of 87 patients in June showed that the renal pelvis and calyces were in good condition, the renal function returned to normal, and the blood urea nitrogen and blood creatinine test results were within the normal range. After 1 year of follow-up, no hypertension occurred. Conclusion: AE treats MBUS patients in the emergency department with remarkable efficacy. It has the advantages of less damage to the body, rapid hemostasis, high safety, and maximum preservation of organ function.