Arterial desaturation rate does not influence self-selected knee extension force but alters ventilatory response to progressive hypoxia: A pilot study.

Abstract

The absolute magnitude and rate of arterial desaturation each independently impair whole-body aerobic exercise. This study examined potential mechanisms underlying the rate-dependent relationship. Utilizing an exercise protocol involving unilateral, intermittent, isometric knee extensions (UIIKE), we provided sufficient reperfusion time between contractions to reduce the accumulation of intramuscular metabolic by-products that typically stimulate muscle afferents. The objective was to create a milieu conducive to accentuating any influence of arterial desaturation rate on muscular fatigue. Eight participants completed four UIIKE sessions, performing one 3 s contraction every 30s at a perceived intensity of 50% MVC for 25 min. Participants voluntarily adjusted their force generation to maintain perceptual effort at 50% MVC without feedback. Reductions in inspired oxygen fraction (FI O2 ) decreased arterial saturation from >98% to 70% with varying rates in three trials: FAST (5.3 ± 1.3 min), MED (11.8 ± 2.7 min), and SLOW (19.9 ± 3.7 min). FI O2 remained at 0.21 during the control trial. Force generation and muscle activation remained at baseline levels throughout UIIKE trials, unaffected by the magnitude or rate of desaturation. Minute ventilation increased with hypoxia (p < 0.05), and faster desaturation rates magnified this response. These findings demonstrate that arterial desaturation magnitude and rate independently affect ventilation, but do not influence fatigue development during UIIKE.