Arsenic trioxide liposome gels for the treatment of psoriasis in mice

Abstract

ABSTRACT Background: Psoriasis is a chronic, immune-mediated skin disease with no cure. Intravenous arsenic trioxide (ATO) has been used to treate psoriasis in animal studies. However, the high toxicity of ATO limits its application to clinic for systemic administration. The aim of this study was to fabricate sustained-release ATO liposome gels (ATO-Lip-Gels) to be used for the treatment of psoriasis. Methods: The ATO Liposomes were prepared using a zinc acetate gradient method. ATO concentrations were analyzed by HPLC-HG-AFS. The ATO-Lip-Gels were characterized with respect to size, zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency. Stability, in vitro drug release, and in vivo effficacy were also evaluated. Results: The optimal formulation of ATO-Lip was ATO (0.45%), S100 (9%), cholesterol (1.5%) (W/V) in 0.3 mol/L zinc acetate and incubated for 10 minutes. In the in vitro drug release study, ATO-Lip-Gels exhibited a slower release profile of ATO than that from Gels only. Compared with the model group, ATO-Lip-Gels-H significantly reduced PASI scores after psoriasis in mice, and was superior to tacrolimus at day 5. HE staining showed that the pathological changes caused by psoriasis in mice were significantly improved in the treatment groups, and ATO-Lip-Gels-H had the best effect among the treatment groups. ATO-Lip-Gels applied topologically to imiquimote-induced psoriatic plaque models significantly reduced the levels of key psoriatic cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-α. Conclusions: We have developed ATO-Lip-Gels for the treatment of psoriasis, which demonstrated higher efficacy with the benchmark, Tacrolimus, and can be an alternative to the conventional treatment with Tacrolimus.