Arrested Pneumatization in Pediatric Age Group: Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings

Abstract

Objective Arrested pneumatization of the skull base is a developmental anatomical variant of the paranasal sinuses. Although it is an incidental finding, severe bone lesions can be confusing in the differential diagnosis. In this study, arrested pneumatization in the pediatric group is discussed with computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings. Methods Cranial scanning findings of 550 patients who underwent imaging in the Radiology Department of our hospital with various diagnoses between 2012 and 2013 were examined. CT and MRI findings of arrested pneumatization in six patients were evaluated and recorded. Results The patients ranged in age from 7 to 14 years. The indications for scanning included neurofibromatosis type 1 (n = 1), papilledema (n = 2), epilepsy (n = 1), sixth nerve palsy (n = 1), and headache (n = 1). Arrested pneumatization was detected incidentally in all patients. Four patients had arrested pneumatization of the sphenoid bone, and two had arrested pneumatization of the temporal bone (petrous apex). Conclusion Arrested pneumatization of the skull base is an incidental finding most commonly detected in association with the sphenoid bone. It is a benign imaging finding that can be observed in the pediatric group and may cause diagnostic confusion. Therefore, CT and MRI findings are of great importance for the final diagnosis.