Abstract
The design of an array of stacked leaky-wave antennas in groove gap waveguide technology is presented in this work. The proposed array is formed by simply stacking a number of leaky-wave antennas one on top of the other and feeding all of them with uniform amplitude and phase. The inter-element distance is studied in order to avoid grating lobes and to maximize the directivity. A feeding network based on vertical coupling is designed, where the input port feeds the bottom element, and then the energy is equally coupled to the other elements. To obtain maximum directivity the phase is corrected at each element separately. The central frequency of the proposed design is 28 GHz. With this technique of stacking the elements a pencil beam is achieved, i.e. the radiated energy is focalized in the two main planes. The designed array with four elements achieves an enhancement of + 5 dB, reaching 24.5 dBi of directivity in comparison to 19.6 dBi of directivity of the single leaky-wave antenna made in this technology. A prototype is manufactured and measured and its results are presented and compared with the simulations.
Highlights
The design of an array of stacked leaky-wave antennas in groove gap waveguide technology is presented in this work
Gap waveguide technology is relatively new, but since its appearance it has been gaining p opularity[1]. It is a two dimensional metasurface structure, that generates a stop band for parallel plate modes[2]. It is a waveguide where the bottom metallic plate is replaced by a high impedance structure that acts like a perfect magnetic conductor (PMC)
Other implementations were introduced[2,9,10,11], one of them being the groove gap w aveguide[12]. In this type of gap waveguide, the two lateral walls of a conventional rectangular hollow waveguide are replaced by rows of square metallic pins
Summary
The design of an array of stacked leaky-wave antennas in groove gap waveguide technology is presented in this work. Gap waveguide technology is relatively new, but since its appearance it has been gaining p opularity[1] It is a two dimensional metasurface structure, that generates a stop band for parallel plate modes[2]. In 2016 the first leaky-wave antenna in groove gap waveguide was proposed in15. A leaky-wave radiating element is created based on the initial idea presented in[16] but with more parameters to have a better control of the leakage i.e., height and width of the pin, their periodicity and the width of the waveguide. Leaky-wave antennas have been proposed using other versions of the gap waveguide technology[27,28,29,30]
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