ARQUEOLOGIA ESPACIAL E O GUARANI NO VALE DO TAQUARI, RIO GRANDE DO SUL

Abstract

The search for the space understanding, from the distribution of material culture, emerges with the advent of New Archaeology, in the 60s and 70s of the twentieth century. Spatial Archaeology is the study of aspects related to past societies, such as the spatial structure of archaeological evidence to identify the spatial relationships and characterizations, interpreting the social organization of a particular space. The objective of this paper is analyze the spatial distribution of material culture comprised of fragments of pottery, lithic evidence and archaeofaunal vestiges, at Area 2 of archaeological site RS-T-114, located in Marques de Souza, central-eastern region of the State of Rio Grande do Sul. We considered the theoretical and methodological proposal of Spatial Archaeology, where the object should have a range of relationships with other objects, favoring its context. The analysis was based on intra-site distribution of the various vessels and their functions, as well as the lithic material with fire and use traits. The spatial distribution showed that most activities were linked directly to the combustion area. Among the identified activities are cooking and consumption of food, the shredding of lithic core to obtain bipolar chips, and finishing by polishing the lithic artifacts and ceramic vessels