Argon Laser With and Without Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Therapy for Extrafoveal Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy

Abstract

To describe the clinical characteristics and outcome of eyes with extrafoveal polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) treated with argon laser. Prospective cohort, noninterventional study. A prospective study of Asian patients with extrafoveal PCV, confirmed on indocyanine green angiography and treated with argon laser with and without anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy. Patients were followed-up over 12months with visual, angiographic, and structural outcomes recorded. Of the 93 eyes with PCV at baseline, 33 eyes (35.5%) in 31 patients had extrafoveal involvement and were treated with argon laser. Foveal involvement with fluid or blood at baseline was apparent in 23 eyes (69.7%), despite the extrafoveal location of 1 or more polyps. Of these 33 eyes, 12 (36.4%) also received anti-VEGF injections (median, 2.5 injections) over the 12-month period. Two eyes received photodynamic therapy rescue during subsequent follow-up and were excluded for visual outcome analysis. In the remaining 31 eyes, mean visual acuity improved from 0.57 logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution (logMAR) units (range, 0.00 to 2.0 logMAR; standard deviation, 0.51 logMAR) at baseline to 0.39 logMAR (range, 0.00 to 2.0 logMAR; standard deviation, 0.43 logMAR) at month 12 (P= .01), with a mean gain in visual acuity of 9.0 letters at month 12. Stable or improved vision (defined as losing 5 letters or fewer) was achieved in 28 eyes (90.3%). Use of anti-VEGF was associated with significantly thicker central subfield at baseline (347.6 vs 258.1μm; P= .02) and resulted in similar vision and OCT results at month 3 and 12 compared with eyes that did not receive anti-VEGF. Argon laser treatment with selected use of anti-VEGF therapy achieves stable or improved visual outcome in most eyes with extrafoveal PCV, including eyes with fluid or blood affecting the fovea at presentation.