Abstract
Nonspecific adsorption of protein on solid surfaces causes a reduction of concentration as well as enzyme inactivation during purification and storage. However, there are no versatile inhibitors of the adsorption between proteins and solid surfaces at low concentrations. Therefore, we examined additives for the prevention of protein adsorption on polystyrene particles (PS particles) as a commonly-used material for vessels such as disposable test tubes and microtubes. A protein solution was mixed with PS particles, and then adsorption of protein was monitored by the concentration and activity of protein in the supernatant after centrifugation. Five different proteins bound to PS particles through electrostatic, hydrophobic, and aromatic interactions, causing a decrease in protein concentration and loss of enzyme activity in the supernatant. Among the additives, including arginine hydrochloride (Arg), lysine hydrochloride, guanidine hydrochloride, NaCl, glycine, and glucose, Arg was most effective in preventing the binding of proteins to PS particles as well as activity loss. Moreover, even after the mixing of protein and PS particles, the addition of Arg caused desorption of the bound protein from PS particles. This study demonstrated a new function of Arg, which expands the potential for application of Arg to proteins.
Highlights
Nonspecific adsorption of proteins on solid surfaces such as vessels including disposable test tubes and microtubes frequently results in protein denaturation, leading to their inactivation as well as loss in solution
To develop more effective additives that diminish protein adsorption to solid surfaces, especially vessels such as disposable test tubes and microtubes, we tested arginine (Arg), which is widely used as an aggregation suppressor of proteins [9,10,11,12,13]
To expand its application, we investigated the effects of arginine hydrochloride (Arg) on protein adsorption to particles 2 mm in diameter made of polystyrene, which is a commonly-used material for vessels such as disposable test tubes and microtubes
Summary
Nonspecific adsorption of proteins on solid surfaces such as vessels including disposable test tubes and microtubes frequently results in protein denaturation, leading to their inactivation as well as loss in solution. Such protein adsorption occurs during purification, shipping, storage, and routine experiments, and presents a serious problem in biotechnology fields, where protein recovery, stability, and purity are of fundamental importance. To develop more effective additives that diminish protein adsorption to solid surfaces, especially vessels such as disposable test tubes and microtubes, we tested arginine (Arg), which is widely used as an aggregation suppressor of proteins [9,10,11,12,13]
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