AREAS OF ACTIVITIES OF THE JUSTICE BODIES OF SOVIET UKRAINE IN THE 1920'S IN THE FIELD OF LAW ENFORCEMENT

Abstract

The article is dedicated to the definition of the main activities of the justice bodies of Soviet Ukraine in the field of law enforcement in the 20’s (on the example of some regions of Donbas). It is proved that in the period of the 1920s the justice bodies were given a mediocre role in a kind of mechanism for performance and implementing the instructions of the Bolshevik Party. It is established that the main activities of the justice bodies of Soviet Ukraine in the field of law enforcement concerned, first of all, the establishment of the functioning of criminal justice. It was found that among the most common forms of crime were official and service crimes. It was discovered that this category of crimes included: appropriation and embezzlement, bribery, abuse of power, forgery, negligence, improper exercise of authority, unlawful deprivation of liberty, inaction of the authorities, provocation of bribes, disruption of the apparatus, unjust decisions, authority misuse, discrediting the government, mismanagement, failure to provide information, etc. It was established that the number of waste was especially significant, which took place in the conditions of the NEP quite imperceptibly and almost with impunity. The perpetrators were helped to commit this crime because of the unstable situation in the country's economy, in particular due to the high level of inflation. It is substantiated that this type of crime was committed by withholding a certain amount for some time for their own needs, and then it was possible to cover it nominally with the same amount of rubles, but that have already lost their real value. It is proved that combating official and service crimes was a matter of special complexity, as in the period of the NEP there were quite favourable conditions for crime in general, and for its official and service types in particular. In these circumstances, the role of the justice and, above all, the prosecutor's office was to supervise and coordinate. It is determined that the process of counteracting violations of law and crime in the 1920s by the justice bodies of Soviet Ukraine, as well as in the USSR in general, was also complicated by the strengthening of punitive and repressive roles of law enforcement agencies.