Area and zones of harmfulness of potato aphid Aulacorthum solani (Hemiptera, Aphididae)

Abstract

The area and damage zones of the potato aphid Aulacorthum solani (Kalt.) are given in this publication. The northern border of its area passes along the northern border of Karelia, through the Arkhangelsk region (Kholmogory, Karpogory), and southern part of the Komi Republic. The northern border of zone of low harmfulness is marked along the northern border of Latvia, further through the Pskov, Novgorod, Yaroslavl, Tver regions to Urals. The zone of high harmfulness includes the Central Chernozem zone of the European part of Russia, northern and central parts of Ukraine, southern part of Belorussia, where plants are sometimes damaged at 3-point force. The species meets on Urals, in Siberia; however, it does not give the outbreaks of mass reproduction because of the long winter period with temperatures below –20 °C and low humidity. It meets in Middle Asia and Kazakhstan; however, summer temperatures higher than 30 °C at low humidity negatively affect on development of populations. The analysis of biological and ecological features of the species can explain the insect spreading on different territories. Using the published materials, original field observations and data from water and sucking traps helps to establish the zones of harmfulness.