Abstract
ObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to verify the torque precision of metallic brackets with MBT prescription using the canine brackets as the representative sample of six commercial brands. Material and MethodsTwenty maxillary and 20 mandibular canine brackets of one of the following commercial brands were selected: 3M Unitek, Abzil, American Orthodontics, TP Orthodontics, Morelli and Ortho Organizers. The torque angle, established by reference points and lines, was measured by an operator using an optical microscope coupled to a computer. The values were compared to those established by the MBT prescription. ResultsThe results showed that for the maxillary canine brackets, only the Morelli torque (-3.33º) presented statistically significant difference from the proposed values (-7º). For the mandibular canines, American Orthodontics (-6.34º) and Ortho Organizers (-6.25º) presented statistically significant differences from the standards (-6º). Comparing the brands, Morelli presented statistically significant differences in comparison with all the other brands for maxillary canine brackets. For the mandibular canine brackets, there was no statistically significant difference between the brands. ConclusionsThere are significant variations in torque values of some of the brackets assessed, which would clinically compromise the buccolingual positioning of the tooth at the end of orthodontic treatment.
Highlights
The completely programmed bracket system, created by Andrews1 (1989), was designed with the objective of using arches without bends
In spite of incorporating ideal torque characteristics in the structure of such brackets, in some cases it is necessary to apply additional or individual torques on some teeth. This would occur due to several factors10,27: mechanical side-effects25, morphological differences in the buccal faces of teeth4,6,9,21,22,26, changes in the position of the brackets2,16,22,29, different methods of bracket manufacturing12,30 and orthodontic wires24, the play between the wire and the bracket slot3,4,7,16,24,25, variations in the bracket designs8, properties of the materials constituting the brackets7,8,11,13,23 and wires24 and differences between the value of the torque informed by the manufacturer and the real value of the torque of the brackets10
Preadjustment of brackets to provide torque ZRXOG EH LQÀXHQFHG E\ PDQ\ IDFWRUV DQG DPRQJ them would be the precision of manufacture by the industry10,12,30
Summary
The completely programmed bracket system, created by Andrews (1989), was designed with the objective of using arches without bends. In spite of incorporating ideal torque characteristics in the structure of such brackets, in some cases it is necessary to apply additional or individual torques on some teeth. This would occur due to several factors: mechanical side-effects, morphological differences in the buccal faces of teeth, changes in the position of the brackets, different methods of bracket manufacturing and orthodontic wires, the play between the wire and the bracket slot, variations in the bracket designs, properties of the materials constituting the brackets and wires and differences between the value of the torque informed by the manufacturer and the real value of the torque of the brackets. There are two types of brackets, which provide three types of torque: -7o, 0o e +7o and for the mandibular canines, two types of brackets, providing three options of torque: -6o, 0o and +6o
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