Abstract
Using a time-varying spillover approach, we investigate volatility spillovers between natural alternative investments, i.e. timber and water, and a battery of traditional instruments comprising equities, bonds, crude oil, gold, real estate, shipping and currency, for the period 1/1/2010–9/30/2021. Results show that the sample markets are moderately integrated and total connectedness escalated during stress periods. Moreover, we examine the hedging ability of timber and water by constructing optimal hedge ratios and portfolio weights. Both assets constitute an effective hedging tool for shipping, crude oil and bond investors, with the short position in the volatility of water to provide higher hedging effectiveness.
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