Abstract
It was assessed the intake and prevalence of inadequate nutrient intake according to weight status among Brazilian adults from urban areas (n=16,198) evaluated in the Brazilian National Dietary Survey (NDS - 2008-2009), that obtained food records from two non-consecutive days. The prevalence of inadequate nutrient intake according to weight status was estimated based on Brazilian and international recommendations, in which usual intake was estimated applying the National Cancer Institute method. From 14 nutrients evaluated, six differed according to weight status in men, and only two among women. For men, the mean proportion of energy derived from lipids and saturated fat and mean intake of cholesterol, zinc, and vitamin B12 were greater among those with excess weight compared to those with normal weight; the inverse was observed for dietary fiber. Mean sodium intake was greater and proportion of energy from added sugar intake was lower among obese women compared to overweight ones. Strategies to encourage food consumption with high micronutrient density should be targeted to adult population regardless of their weight status.
Highlights
The World Health Organization recognizes the obesity epidemic as an important target for the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases (NCD)[1]
We evaluated nutrient intake and inadequacies according to weight status in a large population based study, the first Brazilian National Dietary Survey (20082009) that showed important prevalence of micronutrient inadequate intake throughout all age groups[8,9,10,11]
Mean proportion of energy derived from total lipids and saturated fat total and mean intake of cholesterol, zinc, and vitamin B12 were greater among obese men compared to overweight and normal weight men
Summary
The World Health Organization recognizes the obesity epidemic as an important target for the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases (NCD)[1]. Specific nutrients have been associated with obesity, such as blood deficiency of iron, zinc, or vitamins A, C and E3,4. García et al.[6] reviewed the impact of micronutrient deficiencies on obesity and stated that antioxidants, such as vitamin C, vitamin E and b-carotene, were predictors of the levels of leptin, which is closely related to obesity. This association may not represent a causal relationship and most guidelines have recommended reduced energy intake to prevent obesity regardless of diet composition[7]
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