Are subjective sleepiness and sleep quality related to prospective memory?

Mateja F Böhm,Ute J Bayen,Marie Luisa Schaper

doi:10.1186/s41235-019-0199-7

Mateja F Böhm, Ute J Bayen + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1186/s41235-019-0199-7

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Abstract

Event-based prospective memory (PM) involves carrying out intentions when specific events occur and is ubiquitous in everyday life. It consists of a prospective component (remembering that something must be done) and a retrospective component (remembering what must be done and when). Subjective sleep-related variables may be related to PM performance and an attention-demanding prospective component. In two studies, the relationship of subjective sleepiness and subjective sleep quality with both PM components was investigated with a laboratory PM task and separation of its components via Bayesian multinomial processing tree modeling. In Study 1, neither component of PM was related to naturally occurring subjective sleepiness or sleep quality. In Study 2, sleepiness was experimentally increased by placing some participants in a supine body posture. Testing participants in upright vs. supine posture affected neither PM component. However, body posture moderated the relationship between subjective sleep quality and the prospective component: In supine posture, subjective sleep quality tended to be more positively related to the prospective component. Overall, neither subjective sleepiness nor subjective sleep quality alone was related to PM.

Highlights

Event-based prospective memory (PM) involves carrying out intentions when specific events occur and is ubiquitous in everyday life
To test whether subjective sleepiness and sleep quality were related to overall PM performance, we computed linear regressions on PM hit rate with PSQI2 and Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS) scores as predictors
To test our predictions that subjective sleepiness and sleep quality should be related to the prospective component, we separated it from the retrospective component via multinomial processing tree (MPT) modeling using the Bayesian hierarchical latent-trait approach (Klauer, 2010)

Summary

Introduction

Event-based prospective memory (PM) involves carrying out intentions when specific events occur and is ubiquitous in everyday life It consists of a prospective component (remembering that something must be done) and a retrospective component (remembering what must be done and when). The administrative assistant has to remember an additional intention while checking emails (prospective component) He must remember the topics of the emails that need to be forwarded (retrospective component). As explained in detail below, the literature suggests that the prospective and retrospective components of PM may be differentially related to subjective sleepiness and sleep quality. It was important in our studies to separately measure the prospective and retrospective components of a PM task. We chose a computerized PM task that allowed us to obtain valid measures of the prospective and retrospective task components via a mathematical model (that we explain in the Results section of Study 1)

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