Abstract
Deception varies across individuals and social contexts. The present research explored how individual difference measured by social value orientations, and situations, affect deception in moral hypocrisy. In two experiments, participants made allocations between themselves and recipients with an opportunity to deceive recipients where recipients cannot reject their allocations. Experiment 1 demonstrated that proselfs were more deceptive and hypocritical than prosocials by lying to be apparently fair, especially when deception was unrevealed. Experiment 2 showed that proselfs were more concerned about social image in deception in moral hypocrisy than prosocials were. They decreased apparent fairness when deception was revealed and evaluated by a third-party reviewer and increased it when deception was evaluated but unrevealed. These results show that prosocials and proselfs differed in pursuing deception and moral hypocrisy social goals and provide implications for decreasing deception and moral hypocrisy.
Highlights
Deception is common in daily life, it varies across individuals and social contexts
We examined whether individuals with different social values behaved differently when they had opportunities to be morally hypocritical by lying, and whether they changed moral hypocrisy deception when they were confronted with social image concerns in situations
We found that participants showed great individual difference in hypocritical fairness by deceiving in different situations
Summary
Deception is common in daily life, it varies across individuals and social contexts. About 30% people preferred to tell the truth rather than lying, when their lies only benefited themselves but did not affect others’ payoffs (López-Pérez and Spiegelman, 2013). The percentage of liars ranged from 17% to 52% when the benefits decreases and the cost increases (Gneezy, 2005). Those who were more concerned about social goals were less likely to lie (Cappelen et al, 2013). These variances have attracted significant attention but few studies have been conducted to directly test individual difference in deception and whether and how it is associated with social preference
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