Abstract
BackgroundMorbidity and mortality data highlight prostate cancer as the most commonly diagnosed neoplasm in Jamaican males. This report examines the association between dietary patterns and risk of prostate cancer in Jamaican men.Materials and methodsCase-control study of 204 histologically confirmed newly diagnosed prostate cancer cases and 204 individually matched urology clinic controls in Jamaica, 2004 – 2007. Diet was assessed by food frequency questionnaire.ResultsFactor analysis yielded four dietary patterns: (i) a "healthy" pattern of vegetables, fruits and peas and beans, (ii) a "carbohydrate" pattern with high loadings for white bread and refined cereals, (iii) "sugary foods and sweet baked products" pattern and (iv) a "organ meat and fast food pattern" with high loadings for high fat dessert, organ meat, fast food and salty snacks.Logistic regressions with the individual dietary patterns controlling for potential confounders showed no association between any of the food patterns and risk of prostate cancer. The healthy pattern showed an inverse non-significant association, whereas the carbohydrate pattern was positively and insignificantly related to prostate cancer. Analysis of all food patterns adjusting for each other revealed no association between food patterns and the risk of prostate cancer.ConclusionDietary patterns identified in our sample were not associated with risk of prostate cancer. Further investigations that better define cancer-free subjects and dietary measurements are needed to examine diet and prostate cancer outcomes.
Highlights
Prostate cancer is the leading cancer site among Jamaican males (30.3%) and the leading cause of cancer mortality (16.5% of total cancer deaths) [1]
Logistic regressions with the individual dietary patterns controlling for potential confounders showed no association between any of the food patterns and risk of prostate cancer
Analysis of all food patterns adjusting for each other revealed no association between food patterns and the risk of prostate cancer
Summary
Prostate cancer is the leading cancer site among Jamaican males (30.3%) and the leading cause of cancer mortality (16.5% of total cancer deaths) [1]. Studies have been inconsistent in the dietary constituents that affect risk [3]. Another approach has been to examine association between patterns of food consumption and disease risk. In this study factor analysis was used to investigate the association of dietary patterns and prostate cancer in Jamaican men in a matched casecontrol study. Morbidity and mortality data highlight prostate cancer as the most commonly diagnosed neoplasm in Jamaican males. This report examines the association between dietary patterns and risk of prostate cancer in Jamaican men
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