Abstract
of age (CDA: 16% versus 7%, P=0.002; overt CD: 12% versus 5%, P=0.01). However, this difference resolved at age five years (CDA: 21% in group A and 20% in group B, P=0.59; overt CD: 17% in group A and 17% in group B, P=0.78). Children with a high-risk HLA had a significantly higher risk of developing CDA and overt CD than did those with standard-risk HLA (CDA: 38% versus 19%; P=0.001; overt CD: 29% versus 16%; P=0.05). Other variables, including breast-feeding, were not associated with CD development. We did not observe any adverse events. Conclusions:Neither delayed introduction of gluten nor breastfeeding protects or increases the risk of CD in at-risk infants. Having a high-risk-HLA allele is an important disease predictor.
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