Abstract
All over the world, the vehicles introduced now into the market are usually provided with EDRs (Event Data Recorders), intended to measure and record the parameters that characterise the vehicle motion in the pre-, during-, and post-accident phases. The EDRs are to facilitate the description and reconstruction of possible road accidents. They are patterned on aircraft “black boxes” (flight recorders). Many of them have simplified design, disregarding three (of six) vector components that describe the motion of the vehicle body solid. In the paper presented, the authors used simulation models built by themselves to represent motor vehicle dynamics and the reconstruction of vehicle trajectory and velocities based on records obtained from two EDR types: “aircraft” one (EDR1) and “simplified” one (EDR2). Using a simulation method, they examined the impact of the said simplifications mentioned above on the quality of reconstruction of vehicle motion for four typical manoeuvres in road traffic. The calculation results obtained for input data adopted to rep-resent a medium-class passenger car have shown that the simplifications may cause considerable reconstruction errors. This particularly applies to the manoeuvres where significant changes took place in the roll and pitch angles of the vehicle body solid (to which the EDR was fixed) or where the changes were characterised by absence of symmetry in the parameters that describe the manoeuvre and by the constant sign of the vehicle body roll angles.
Highlights
For more than 20 years, devices resembling aircraft’s “black boxes” and generally referred to as EDRs (Event Data Recorders) have been in use in motor transport
The large-scale introduction of automotive “black boxes” into service will potentially bring many benefits. It will increase the resource of information about the course of an accident and will provide knowledge of the parameters of vehicle motion
In the EDRs offered in the market, apart from those intended for research applications, the vehicle motion is generally treated as two-dimensional
Summary
For more than 20 years, devices resembling aircraft’s “black boxes” and generally referred to as EDRs (Event Data Recorders) have been in use in motor transport. They are intended to record the parameters that describe vehicle motion, driver’s activities, state of vehicle’s systems, and sometimes current environmental conditions. The objective is to provide data concerning the course of road accidents (incidents), including the data useful for accident reconstruction Their scope of operation may be different, some minimum requirements for the devices of this class have been set down by various normative documents and legal instruments. It should be remembered that EDRs are already installed in almost all new vehicles (in 2017, 99.6 % of all the light-duty motor vehicles newly manufactured in the USA were provided with EDRs, according to the document [3] mentioned above)
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