Are Diabetes, Hypertension, and Obesity Independent Risk Factors for Endometrial Polyps?

Abstract

Study Objective To investigate whether diabetes, hypertension (HTN), and obesity can be considered risk factors for endometrial polyps (EPs) independently of age and menopausal status. Design Retrospective analysis (Canadian Task Force classification III). Setting Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the University of Foggia, Italy. Patients A total of 353 Caucasian women undergoing office hysteroscopy to assess abnormal uterine bleeding, infertility, cervical polyps, and abnormal sonographic patterns. Interventions Demographic characteristics and data on diabetes, HTN, and menopausal status were collected and anthropometric parameters were analyzed. Vaginoscopic hysteroscopy was performed with a 5-mm continuous-flow operative office hysteroscope. When present, EPs were treated during the same procedure by means of 5-Fr scissors or electrode. Measurements and Main Results In 134 (38%) of 353 cases, EPs were found. Univariable and multivariable analysis were performed to verify the presence of a statistically significant association among age, menopause, HTN, obesity, diabetes (independent variables), and the presence of EPs. Univariable logistic analysis showed a statistically significant association among age, menopause, HTN, obesity, and the presence of EPs. However, when multivariable logistic regression was performed, all the independent variables, except age, lost statistical significance (OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.02–1.07, p <.001). Conclusion Although it appears that EP is a disorder of aging, the significance of diabetes, HTN, and obesity, as well as menopause, on the development of EPs should be reconsidered.