Abstract
To evaluate cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of consumption of dairy products and physical activity (PA) with bone mineral density (BMD). Cohort study with children from the 2004 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort. Pelotas, a medium-sized Brazilian city. The study started in 2004 and mothers/children were interviewed/measured periodically from birth to age 6 years. PA was measured by maternal proxy at 4 and 6 years and by accelerometry at 6 years. Consumption of dairy products was measured using 24 h food recall (at 4 years) and FFQ (at 6 years). Total-body and lumbar-spine BMD (g/cm2) were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. At 6 years, BMD was measured in 3444 children and 2636 children provided data on objectively measured PA by accelerometry. Consumption of dairy products at 4 years was associated with higher lumbar-spine BMD at 6 years in boys, while current consumption was positively associated with BMD in both sexes (P < 0·001). PA assessed by maternal report at 4 and 6 years of age was associated with higher BMD at 6 years in boys. PA assessed by accelerometry was positively related to total-body and lumbar-spine BMD in boys and lumbar-spine BMD in girls. We did not find evidence for an interaction between PA and consumption of dairy products on BMD. We observed positive and independent longitudinal and cross-sectional associations between consumption of dairy products and PA with BMD in the total body and at the lumbar spine in young children.
Highlights
MethodsPelotas is a medium-sized city in Rio Grande do Sul (southern Brazil) with more than 300 000 inhabitants
3444 (92·5 %) children had valid data from the dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans whereas 2636 children provided at least two valid days of physical activity (PA) assessed by accelerometry (69·1 %)
Associations of greater magnitude were found for total-body β coefficient of bone mineral density (BMD) (g/cm2) Never achieved Achieved at 4 years Achieved at 6 years Achieved always Never active Active at 4 years Active at 6 years Always active β coefficient of BMD (g/cm2) Never achieved Achieved at 4 years Achieved at 6 years Achieved always Never active Active at 4 years Active at 6 years Always active
Summary
Pelotas is a medium-sized city in Rio Grande do Sul (southern Brazil) with more than 300 000 inhabitants. In 2004, all maternity hospitals were visited daily from 1 January to 31 December and mothers were invited to participate, interviewed and their newborns were examined. All children and their mothers have been followed-up since . Follow-up assessments of the 2004 Pelotas Birth Cohort study were conducted during home visits at mean ages of 3·0 (SD 0·1), 11·9 (SD 0·2), 23·9 (SD 0·4) and 49·5 (SD 1·7) months and at the research clinic at 6·8 (SD 0·3) years. 3444 children were scanned by DXA during the visit to the research clinic at mean age 6·8 years
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
