Abstract
Chapter 2 presents various architectures of P2P systems. We first introduce a taxonomy of P2P architectures, where we classify P2P systems into three main categories: centralized P2P systems, decentralized P2P systems, and hybrid P2P systems. While centralized P2P systems are systems that are supported by centralized servers, decentralized P2P systems are pure P2P systems, which are completely decentralized. On the other hand, hybrid systems are systems where nodes are organized into two layers: the upper tier super nodes act as servers for lower tier nodes. After the introduction, for each of these P2P categories, we discuss in details its properties as well as outstanding P2P systems belonging to its category. In particular, for centralized P2P systems, we introduce Napster and SETI@home. For decentralized P2P systems, we present Gnutella, PAST, Canon, and Skip Graph. Finally, for hybrid P2P systems, we show BestPeer, a self-configurable P2P system.
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