Abstract
We describe the architecture and the algorithms used in Columbia University'sXphone multimedia communication system. The system assumes a “best-effort” operating system and network and provides facilities for call management, intra-application scheduling for the support of continuous data flow and integration with the windowing system, and synchronized video/audio acquisition/playback (locally or across a network) with minimized and bounded end-to-end delay. An algorithm based on time-stamps and device-state information is used for synchronization. The effects of jitter (delay variation) are mitigated with silence detection; the end-to-end delay is kept bounded by a restart mechanism. Finally, for live video sources, we describe a source bit-rate adaptation algorithm that maximizes the video image quality to the available network bandwidth and video display window size.
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