ARCHITECTURAL TASTE AS AN ARCHITECTURAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL PHENOMENON, ITS FACTORS AND ROLE IN THE ARCHITECTURAL EDUCATION AND PRACTICE

Abstract

The article presents the results of a theoretical study of architectural taste as an architectural and psychological phenomenon, its factors and role in architectural education and practice. The peculiarity of architectural taste is facilitated by gustosology – complex science about aesthetic taste, its nature, peculiarities of formation and function in public life, role in the development of the general culture of personality and society generally. It is determined that architectural taste is an aesthetic pleasure derived from individual patterns of architecture preferences, which has an intellectual character, associated with the result of reasoning, sequence of evaluation and quick judgement, through which a non-trivial result is achieved by the proportionality of beauty. It was established that according to the theoretical research, the differences of architectural taste depend on factors: 1) professional and artistic (inherent to specialists – architects, designers and depends on the level of education and culture of a particular person); 2) sexual (for example, female tastes are more emotionally colored, more sensitive; they are mainly found in the design of the interiors of buildings); 3) national (hence – English, French taste); 4) ethnographic (for example, Hutsul style); 5) social (belonging to the noble family); 6) own and borrowed tastes (unification of tastes under the influence of fashion); 7) ecological (reflectses human’s attitude to the preservation and development of the eco-system); 8) educational (the study of tastes concerns the process of their formation in educational institutions); 9) physiological (perception of architecture); 10) psychological (temperament; psychological types of people by K. G. Jung according to the types of drawings of architectural objects (by Vinogradova E. I. and Barabanov A. A.). It is confirmed that architectural taste is formed throughout the life, and therefore may change. The results of the research are valuable for: theories of architecture; architectural education – for better understanding of students-architects by teachers of higher education institutions; for architectural practice in the field of urbanism and urban planning, as well as in work with customers; for the further experimental research, in particular, the identification of typology of architectural tastes of individuals and their psychological characteristics, which will be presented in the next publications of the author.