Abstract
According to Taiwan’s Ministry of the Interior, from 2017 to 2019, more than 12% of house-purchase disputes were due to water leakage caused by frequent tropical rains, which have long troubled engineers. The thermal stability resistance, water resistance, and ultraviolet resistance of existing polyurethane formulations have been limited by environmental aging. Thus, the lifespan of commercial PU-coated resins (typical PU) for the waterproofing of roof surfaces is merely two to three years. Accordingly, this study proposed the introduction of siloxane and imide groups to produce waterborne poly(urethane-siloxane-imide) (Si-imide-WPU) copolymers to improve the resistance of environmental aging in typical PU. The waterproof coating resin made of Si-imide-WPU copolymers was environmentally friendly, safe to use, and free of organic solvents. The results showed that the optimal Si-imide-WPU-2 sample in the study made improvements on the defects of polyurethane (PU) including its thermal properties, mechanical properties, environmental resistance, and lifespan which could be extended up to 5.4 years. Consequently, the studied Si-imide-WPU copolymers could reduce material waste while enhancing the sustainability and efficiency of the architecture.
Highlights
Reinforced concrete (RC) is a composite material that consists of reinforced steel and concrete
FTohuerieSri--Timraindsef-oWrmPUInfcroaproedlySmpeercstraonscdoptyyp(iFcTalIRP)U were coated onto a film and their infrared spectroscopy was recorded by a Perkin Elmer Spectrum One FT-IR Spectrometer (PerkinElmer Inc., WalTthhaemS,i-MimAi,dUe-SWAP) Uwicthopaorleysmoleurtsioannodf 4tycpmic−a1l aPnUd awsecraenncionagterdanognetoofa50f0il–m400a0ndcmth−1e.ir infrared spectroscopy was recorded by a Perkin Elmer Spectrum One FT-IR Spectrometer (PerkinElmer Inc., W2a.3lt.h3a. mW,eMigAht,AUvSeAr)agweitMh oalerecusolalurtWioenigohf t4 cm–1 and a scanning range of 500–4000 cm–1
WTheieghwte-Aigvhetr-aagveerMagoelemcuollaercuWlaerigwhet ights of the Si-imide-WPU copolymers and typical PU were measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) using a Viscotek GPC max VE-2001 (Malvern PanTahlyetwicaeligLhttd-a.,vMeraalgveermno, lUecKu)lawriwthedigimhtestohfytlfhoermSia-immiiddee-(WDPMUF)coaspoalysomlveresntanadndtyppoiclyasltPyUrenweearse a msetaasnudraerddbcyongterlolpsearmmpealeti.on chromatography (GPC) using a Viscotek GPC max VE-2001 (Malvern Panalytical Ltd, Malvern, UK) with dimethylformamide (DMF) as a solvent and polystyrene as a standard control sample
Summary
Reinforced concrete (RC) is a composite material that consists of reinforced steel and concrete. Abrasion resistance, resistance to hydrolysis, hydrophobic properties, heat-resistance, UV-resistance, and weatherability, polysiloxane, such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), Sustainability 2020, 12, 4411 is an excellent additive to enhance the soft segment of PU resin for better waterproofing and UV-resistance; its aromatic imide structure is hard segment and highly heat-resistant, which benefit its thermal and mechanical stability. Both aromatic imide and siloxane groups were introduced into the hard and soft segment of the PU structures in this study to develop waterborne poly(urethane-siloxane-imide) (Si-imide-WPU) copolymers with environmental aging resistance that would be applicable for leak-proof resin roof coatings. It was found that sustainable architecture efficiency could be achieved using the water-based Si-imide-WPU resin on rooftops, resulting in a reduced need for repeated waterproofing, as well as fewer leakage disputes and material waste
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