ARCHITECTURAL SPECIFICATION OF SERVICE FACILITIES LOCATED AT TRANSPORT AND TRANSFER NODES

Abstract

The article examines the advantages of high-rise construction at significant transport and interchange nodes at the entrance to cities using the example of the analysis of the Urban Planning Concept for the Placement of High-rise Buildings and Structures in Kyiv, developed by the Ukrainian Academy of Architecture and Projects of Kyiv Architects. According to the concept developed under the leadership of the president of UAA V.G. Stolka, the placement of new high-rise dominants should be aimed first of all at creating a clear architectural and urban planning and volume-spatial composition of the main urban planning nodes at the intersection of city highways.
 The method of forming the dominant composition of the buildings of the transport and transfer hub is considered, using the example of the environment of the metro station "Livoberezhna". Brovarsky Avenue is an important highway for entering and leaving Kyiv. Modern investors in Ukraine consider increasing the number of floors of buildings in order to rationally develop territories. In the urban planning aspect, high-rise compositions emphasize important planning nodes. The construction regularities of the volumetric-spatial composition of high-rise buildings are divided into types and the characteristics of each of them are given. The historical aspect of the formation of compositional ensembles is taken into account on the example of the Livoberezhna metro station in Kyiv. The regularities of the construction of the volumetric-spatial composition of high-rise buildings are divided by type: a single object; a high-rise complex with several tower-type buildings connected by horizontal volume-spatial parts; a building in a group of volumes of different shapes and heights, spatially connected and located at a certain distance from each other. The search for iconic compositional and artistic qualities of high-rise buildings and optimal functional and planning solutions requires architects to use and combine various planning techniques, one of which is the design of atriums in the structure of high-rise buildings in extended stylobates, etc. The historical analysis of one of the nodes showed how the relationship to the stylistic characteristics of architecture changes in connection with the development of certain stylistic currents in the world.