ARCHITECTURAL SPACE OF TRADITIONAL SETTLEMENTS AS A MODERN LIVING ENVIRONMENT

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of architectural-spatial and historical-cultural value of traditional settlements as objects of architecture and urban planning and the potential of their possible use in the formation of the habitat of modern settlements. Particular attention is paid to the definition of urban, architectural-planning and architectural-artistic features of the spatial organization of the living environment of traditional settlements. This is a kind of vector for further development and improvement of this environment as a holistic functional and aesthetic system that improves living standards, as well as economic, social and environmental security. In the twentieth century, Western architecture tended toward globalization, and in Eastern Europe, planned industrial construction was carried out - all these measures damaged the traditional architectural environment in European countries. Architecture has become insensitive to certain regional and national features, architectural objects have become identical and faceless, cities and towns have lost their national flavor - all this has impoverished the architectural environment. Now this faceless environment oppresses residents, complicates spatial identification. Architectural and construction activities, which avoid original features, have long deprived cities and villages of attractiveness. Settlements began to look like randomly layered, independent layers. To take into account national characteristics, you need to show correctness, respect and knowledge. Moreover, all this is leveled by the pursuit of material gain. At the same time, they talk about the search for harmony, but for some reason this harmony is sought in remote abstractions, although the direct path to it lies on the surface - in national architectural features that have a whole set of aesthetic and utilitarian means for such harmony, and even those produced for local natural environment for centuries. Also for centuries, each nation has worked out the set of elements that best suits its mentality and local conditions. The problem is only in the interest of specialists, in the will and in knowledge. However, despite a number of studies in this area, systemic knowledge is still lacking, which is often the reason for the lack of desire to apply traditional features in architecture, including in the architecture of modern settlements.