Abstract
The most important stages of the formation of residential development are considered, the spatial and structural features of the construction of historical residential development of St. Petersburg in each period are identified. The organization of private plots, functional and spatial characteristics and design solutions of residential buildings are described. The typology of residential planning systems used at that time was clarified, design options and variants for using building materials in difficult geological conditions and taking into account the peculiarities of the local microclimate are shown. These characteristics are considered by the general system and are the basis for a comprehensive renovation of historical buildings in St. Petersburg.
Highlights
It is necessary to determine the stages of the formation of residential development, to identify the spatial and structural features of the construction of historical residential buildings of St
The starting point is the organization of private plots from the moment the city was founded, the development process of which directly influenced the formation of functional and spatial characteristics and space-planning decisions of development, which in turn influenced the design concepts for buildings. It should be described what spatial and planning characteristics of residential buildings correspond to each period, what structural concepts and materials were used in each era
The first two periods belong to the Baroque period, the two periods - to classicism, the last two ones - to eclecticism and art nouveau. This issue should be considered in further studies on the development of methods for the restoration and renovation of residential buildings
Summary
St. Petersburg is a city of famous urban ensembles, and a magnificent “ordinary” residential development. Petersburg is a city of famous urban ensembles, and a magnificent “ordinary” residential development It is the outstanding architectural qualities of each building with the integrity of the overall architectural appearance that largely determine the unique advantages of the entire historical development of the city. There is a real danger to the whole unique architectural and urban heritage of St. Petersburg, the threat of losing the spatial and compositional perfection of its development and, most importantly, the material and structural basis of the uniqueness of the city. The first step in understanding the perfection of the material and structural basis of St. Petersburg is to study the history of its development.
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