Abstract
1. Thirty-one plant species from a prehistoric occupied cave in southwestern New Mexico are identified. Some possible uses of many of the plants are suggested. 2. Cucurbita foetidissima, the fruits of which were gathered and which has some of the traits of a potential domesticate, shows no effects of human selection over a period of 1400 years. 3. Several classes of vegetal materials measured quantitatively vary in frequency with changes in human culture but the relationship of these variations to culture change is not apparent. 4. An early but questioned report of the use ofMentzelia seed for food is supported by the presence of a quantity of the stored seed in the cave. 5. The significance of fibrous compactions, or masticates, present in this cave which is outside of the range of mescal baking pits is discussed.
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