Abstract
Abstract Nakhon Sawan Province is located in Upper Central Thailand, where the Chao Phraya River, the vital river of Thailand, begins. According to the distribution of the archaeological sites, the related geological features were divided into two groups by geodiversity scope: (1) hydrological sites - Chao Phraya river, Bueng Boraphet lake, (2) speleological sites - Tham Phet-Tham Thong cave and Khoa Nor mountain. The hydrological sites are the primary water resources of local people since many hundred years, including transportation, agriculture, and fishery, so there are many archaeological sites around there. In addition, the speleological sites are covered with limestones intruded by the granitic rocks, which has caused ore deposition in the form of skarn. The evidence of antiquities in the archaeological site near speleological sites suggests that ancient people discovered and produced their ores, notably iron in the studied area. Based on inventory, characterization, classification, and assessment methods, this preliminary geoarchaeology study can support Nakhon Sawan to promote geotourism for sustainability by their stunning geological features, fantastic nature as well as beautiful culture, both past and present.
Highlights
Archaeology is knowledge application of both social science and humanities, which study the ancient-human activities by recovery and analysis of material culture (Little 2006, Sinclair 2016)
This paper focuses on the development of the archaeological sites comprising outstanding geological features of rivers, mountains, caves and mineral resources to increase the historical value of the area
The archeological sites in Nakhon Sawan Province are distributed near two main geoheritage resources that are two hydrological and two speleological sites
Summary
Archaeology is knowledge application of both social science and humanities, which study the ancient-human activities by recovery and analysis of material culture (Little 2006, Sinclair 2016). 11th centuries C.E. distributed along the main river and the nearby limestone mountain (Murphy, Pongkasetkan 2010) This point is the question that this research attempts to answer, that is, what is the relationship between ancient people’s settlement and important geological features. Geological features are the characteristics of morphology or material, which have occurred through geological processes such as a river, cave, mountain, gorge, glacier, volcano, coastal regions, hot VIMOLTIP SINGTUEN, BURAPHA PHAJUY spring, and other resources. All of these features are called geodiversity that are directly related to space and have a location as well as related to the time component (Gray 2004, Zwoliński 2004). Regarding the 12th National Economic and Social Development Plan (2017–2021) of Thailand, geotourism can increase the point of economic, scientific, and social advancements towards sustainable development goals
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