Abstract
Arc plasma possesses a constriction phenomenon with a pulsed current. The constriction is created by the Lorentz force, the radial electromagnetic force during arc welding, which determines the energy distribution of the arc plasma. Welding experiments were carried out with ultra-high-frequency pulsed arc welding (UHFP-AW). Ultra-high-speed camera observations were produced for arc surveillance. Hue-saturation-intensity (HSI) image analysis was used to distinguish the regions of the arc plasma that represented the heat energy distribution. The measurement of arc regions indicated that, with an ultra-high-frequency pulsed arc, the constriction was not only within the decreased arc geometry, but also within the constricted arc core region. This can be checked by the ratio of the core region to the total area. The arc core region expanded significantly at 40 kHz at 60 A. A current level of 80 A caused a decrease in the total region of the arc. Meanwhile, the ratio of the core region to the total increased. It can be concluded that arc constriction depends on the increased area of the core region with the pulsed current (>20 kHz).
Highlights
Arc welding is a traditional process technology in industry
It was found that the parallel current lines attracted each other when they were in the same direction
This paper studies the principle of arc constriction in order to experiment, conjecture, region
Summary
Arc welding is a traditional process technology in industry It has been developed through a long history of studying its mechanism and engineering applications. It was found that the parallel current lines attracted each other when they were in the same direction. This is applicable in an arc plasma [1] with direct current welding (DC welding). The current elements with the same direction can be recognized as the current line series. They will attract each other with a macro perspective as one is surrounded in the electromagnetic field created by another.
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