Abstract
Polyphenolic compounds gained interest in the pharmaceutical research due to their beneficial bioactive compound for a healthy diet. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are known to interact with host plant metabolism, inducing accumulation of health-promoting phytochemicals and polyphenolic molecules. Tamarix gallica is a halophytic species having hepatotonic and stimulant properties. Leaf, flower and root infusion have anti-inflammatory and anti-diarrheic properties. The purpose of this study was to assess the presence and the diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with T. gallica rhizosphere in Algerian steppic semi-arid site and to evaluate antimicrobial activities of leaf and root phenolic extracts. Four glomoid and one gigasporoid AMF spores type were isolated from rhizosphere of mycorrhizal Tamarix specimens. Total phenolic compounds were higher in roots than in leaves. Furthermore, T. gallica extracts showed significant antimicrobial properties against human pathogen bacterial strains. The mean inhibition zone was from 0 to 15 mm when concentration increased from 1 to 100 mg l−1. The highest significant activity for leave and root methanolic extracts was observed against Proteus mirabilis. Positive correlation was recorded between AMF root colonization and antimicrobial activity. Significant effect of plant type, soil characteristics and AMF root colonization on polyphenolic content was noticed. These findings highlight the complexity of T. gallica/AMF symbiosis and their effect on polyphenolic compounds and suggest that T. gallica inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi may be considered as an interesting source of antioxidants for therapeutic or nutraceutical industries and for food manufactures.
Highlights
There is in our days, an increasing interest in the evaluation and use of plant polyphenol for scientific research and industrial purposes
Spore isolated from the rhizosphere of T. gallica in El-Mesrane site belong to Septoglomus, Funneliformis and Gigaspora with a total of five species: Septoglomus constrictum, Funneliformis mossea, Gigaspora gigantea, and two non-identified glomoid species
Significant effect of soil and plant species was recorded on T. gallica Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) mycorrhizal colonization at p
Summary
There is in our days, an increasing interest in the evaluation and use of plant polyphenol for scientific research and industrial (dietary, pharmaceutical and cosmetic) purposes. Recent studies revealed protective effect of natural biophenols, such as resveratrol, caffeic and rosmarinic acids against hydrogen peroxide oxidative cytotoxicity by the regulation of the endogenous antioxidant defense system and the modulation of signaling pathways (Bettaib et al, 2017). These bioactive compounds can delay the lipids and proteins oxidation by inhibiting the initiation or/and propagation of oxidative chain reaction. The phenolic molecules exhibits a wide spectrum of medicinal properties, such as antiallergic, anti-artherogenic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anti-thrombotic, cardio-protective and vasodilatory effects (Balasundram et al, 2006; Tabet and Boukhari, 2018)
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