Abstract
A. angustifolia seeds processing allows to extend its offer period. This research had the aim to study differences between fresh and frozen raw seeds drying characteristics, establish the flour microbiological, the starch granule morphologic and pasting properties. The methodology used was laboratory research. The starch was extracted and determined the amylose content, the granules were examined by SEM, the pasting properties by RVA and the thermal behaviour by DSC. The frozen seeds presented higher drying rate, however from the critical moisture, they had similar intern resistance. The starch yield was 19.5% and its amylose content was 12.9%. Through SEM was identified smooth granules without erosion, thus oval and rounded shape. The viscosity pattern corresponds to a matrix with tendency to retrogradation. The starch initial pasting temperature, endothermic peak temperature, complete gelatinization temperature and enthalpy of gelatinization found were, 53.34, 60.32, 67.25 and 2.58 J/g.
Highlights
The Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze can be found in South America, inserted in the area of Atlantic Forest (BRDE, 2005)
The absorbance was read at 625 ηm on spectrophotometer UV-visible (Gold spectrumlab 53 UVVis spectrophotometer, BEL photonics, Brazil), the amylose and amylopectin contents were assessed using an external standard-curve with amylose and amylopectin solutions in the proportions of, 0:20; 2:18; 4:16; 6:14, 8:12, 10:10 and 12:08, extracted from the pinhão starch according to the method proposed by McCready and Hassid (1943)
This occurs because, the cellular structure of pinhão when submitted to the freezing process suffers damage generated by the development of water crystals, which grown in the intra and inter cellular spaces, deforming and burst
Summary
The Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze can be found in South America, inserted in the area of Atlantic Forest (BRDE, 2005). Araucaria it is a plentiful gender, diverse, with large geographic range, thereby nineteen of its species are located in the south hemisphere, of which only two are native from South America: A. angustifolia Bertol. The A. angustufolia seeds (pinhão) are found in greater quantity during winter-fall season, it is important as food and has a role to generate income to stakeholders, small farmers and collectors (BRDE, 2005). The flour processing is suitable to aggregate value to seeds, enables the income increment of the rural communities, and could reinforce the importance of these species, contributing to the conservation of forest remnants (Silva et al, 2009). The sample was collected between March and April, selected in order to exclude the mechanically damaged seeds or attached by insects or fungi, visually deteriorated
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