Arap Şiirinde Urcûze ve Râciz Halîl Mutrân’in Erâciz’i

Abstract

One of the modern Arab poets is Halil Mutran. Halil Mutran was born in Balebek, Lebanon, in 1871. The poet, who learned poetry and meteres from his mother, took lessons from important poets of the period and wrote poems from an early age. The poet, who criticizes the classical poetry concept harshly and emphasizes that the content of the poem should not be overshadowed by features such as shape and form, has a divan in which his poems in urcuza type are included. This divan To Young People, which contains only poems written in racaz meter, is known as the name. The full name of the divan is Ile’ş-Şebab Eraciz fî Ahdasi Vasaʾili’n-Najah mina’l-Ahlak ve’l-Adab and it means urcuzes about new ways of achieving success in ethics and decency for young people. In this divan, the poet gives advice to young people under the headings such as social principles, praiseworthy qualities, conditions of being successful, guidance about business and economy and general advice. Considering that the development of society and the achievement of European modernity can only be possible with young people, he tries to instill moral principles in his poems in this direction. In this study, all aspects of racaz are given and the terms urcuza, eraciz and raciz derived from recez are explained, the life of Halil Mutran, his literary personality, his understanding of poetry, his works are revealed, and the content, form and style, sentence structures of the poet’s divan called To Young People, it is handled within the framework of vocabulary. Sample poems were added to the study with their Arabic and translations so that the poet’s handling of the content could be clearly seen.