Abstract
The heparin-binding group II subfamily of secretory phospholipase A2s (sPLA2s), such as sPLA2-IIA and -IID, augments stimulus-induced arachidonic acid (AA) release through the cellular heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG)-dependent pathway when transfected into HEK293 cells. Here we show that the closest homolog, sPLA2-IIE, also promotes stimulus-induced AA release and prostaglandin (PG) production similar to those elicited by HSPG-dependent sPLA2s. Confocal laser microscopic analysis demonstrates the location of sPLA2-IIE in cytoplasmic punctate compartments. sPLA2-IIE also enhances leukotriene (LT) production and granule exocytosis by RBL-2H3 mastocytoma cells. Expression of sPLA2-IIE was highly upregulated in mice injected with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and in mice with experimental atopic dermatitis. These observations suggest that this enzyme plays a role in the inflammatory process, as proposed for other group II subfamily sPLA2s.
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