Abstract
OZ1, an RNA editing factor that controls the editing of 14 cytidine targets in Arabidopsis chloroplasts, contains two RanBP2-type zinc finger (Znf) domains. The RanBP2 Znf is a C4-type member of the broader zinc finger family with unique functions and an unusually diverse distribution in plants. The domain can mediate interactions with proteins or RNA and appears in protein types such as proteases, RNA editing factors, and chromatin modifiers; however, few characterized Arabidopsis proteins containing RanBP2 Znfs have been studied specifically with the domain in mind. In humans, RanBP2 Znf-containing proteins are involved in RNA splicing, transport, or transcription initiation. We present a phylogenetic overview of Arabidopsis RanBP2 Znf proteins and the functional niches that these proteins occupy in plants. OZ1 and its four-member family represent a branch of this family with major impact on the RNA biology of chloroplasts and mitochondria in Arabidopsis. We discuss what is known about other plant proteins carrying the RanBP2 Znf domain and point out how phylogenetic information can provide clues to functions of uncharacterized Znf proteins.
Highlights
The zinc finger domain is most well-known as a DNA-binding domain present in numerous transcription factors, but it is a superfamily with several sub-families characterized by various structural and functional differences
Relevant to this review is ZRANB2, a human protein that is known to be a component of the nuclear spliceosome and has influence over alternative splicing in several transcripts related to cell migration (e.g., SPATA13) and chromatin remodeling (e.g., SMARCC2), among other functions [3,4]
In the remainder of this paper, we will discuss a number of other RanBP2 zinc finger (Znf) proteins found in Arabidopsis, comparing their sequences and localization along with uncharacterized RanBP2 Znf proteins, and highlight the need to further study this family in plants
Summary
The zinc finger domain is most well-known as a DNA-binding domain present in numerous transcription factors, but it is a superfamily with several sub-families characterized by various structural and functional differences. Relevant to this review is ZRANB2, a human protein that is known to be a component of the nuclear spliceosome and has influence over alternative splicing in several transcripts related to cell migration (e.g., SPATA13) and chromatin remodeling (e.g., SMARCC2), among other functions [3,4]. ZRANB2 fold as a of starting point and comparison, shows modeling of an using the solved structure the second Znfresidues of ZRANB2 as a starting(Figure point 1b), several residues ofOZ1. ZRANB2 (Figure 1b), suggesting that this organellar RNA editing factor may have similar RNAwill be discussed later, there is already evidence that other Arabidopsis proteins with the RanBP2 Znf binding properties.
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