Abstract
The notion that androgens and androgen receptor (AR) signaling are the hallmarks of prostate cancer oncogenesis and disease progression is generally well accepted. What is more poorly understood is the role of AR signaling in other human malignancies. This special issue of Cancers initially reviews the role of AR in advanced prostate cancer, and then explores the potential importance of AR signaling in other epithelial malignancies. The first few articles focus on the use of novel AR-targeting therapies in castration-resistant prostate cancer and the mechanisms of resistance to novel antiandrogens, and they also outline the interaction between AR and other cellular pathways, including PI3 kinase signaling, transcriptional regulation, angiogenesis, stromal factors, Wnt signaling, and epigenetic regulation in prostate cancer. The next several articles review the possible role of androgens and AR signaling in breast cancer, bladder cancer, salivary gland cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma, as well as the potential treatment implications of using antiandrogen therapies in these non-prostatic malignancies.
Highlights
Androgens and androgen receptor (AR) signaling are the hallmarks of prostate cancer oncogenesis and disease progression
While the medical literature is saturated by studies examining the role of androgens/AR in prostate cancer, less attention has been given to the potential importance of the AR pathway in other human malignancies
After describing the biological and therapeutic roles of AR in prostate cancer, the authors review the evidence supporting AR-directed therapies in other tumor types including breast cancer, bladder cancer, kidney cancer, pancreatic cancer, hepatocellular cancer, ovarian and endometrial cancers, mantle cell lymphoma, and salivary gland cancers. This is followed by a review by Crumbaker et al [2] that summarizes the interaction between AR and PI3 kinase signaling in prostate cancer, outlines the role of the PI3K pathway in prostate cancer, and reviews the potential clinical utility of dual targeting of AR and PI3K as a therapeutic strategy in prostate cancer
Summary
Androgens and androgen receptor (AR) signaling are the hallmarks of prostate cancer oncogenesis and disease progression. While the medical literature is saturated by studies examining the role of androgens/AR in prostate cancer, less attention has been given to the potential importance of the AR pathway in other human malignancies.
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