Abstract
This paper discusses the partial results of qualitative research on lifestyles and meanings attributed to health and work among settlers from the Landless Rural Workers' Movement (MST) and identifies strategies developed by workers to maintain and/or promote health. The study was conducted in a rural settlement affiliated with the MST in Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. The ergological approach was the main theoretical and methodological reference for understanding work from the perspective of "human activity". The study techniques included document analysis, participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and focus groups, and the data were submitted to thematic content analysis. The landless rural workers attributed the meanings of freedom and satisfaction to their work, associated with self-management and autonomy, which they reported as key elements for health. Although rural work was considered tiring, the work and way of life in the settlement provided this community with possibilities for ensuring their health and resisting the hegemonic agribusiness model.
Highlights
This paper discusses the partial results of qualitative research on lifestyles and meanings attributed to health and work among settlers from the Landless Rural Workers’ Movement (MST) and identifies strategies developed by workers to maintain and/or promote health
The study was conducted in a rural settlement affiliated with the Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST) in Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil
The landless rural workers attributed the meanings of freedom and satisfaction to their work, associated with self-management and autonomy, which they reported as key elements for health
Summary
Para a Ergologia, na realização do trabalho existe uma tensão entre o prescrito que se apresenta sob um determinado contexto e o que acontece na atividade, o trabalho real. A escolha do assentamento rural a ser estudado obedeceu aos seguintes critérios: (1) pertencer ao MST e estar localizado no Estado do Rio de Janeiro; (2) que os trabalhadores tivessem a posse da terra há pelo menos cinco anos; (3) onde fossem desenvolvidas atividades produtivas locais; (4) que houvesse autorização do MST e dos coordenadores do assentamento para a realização da pesquisa. A Análise de Conteúdo na vertente temática proposta por Minayo 30 foi utilizada, buscando-se compreender os significados que os sujeitos atribuem à realidade e às relações entre saúde e trabalho baseando-se nas seguintes categorias: “autonomia”, “renormatização”, “trabalho e saúde”. No assentamento todos participam do trabalho, seja nas atividades produtivas, domésticas ou políticas, porém as crianças e jovens se ocupam mais com os estudos e os adultos com o trabalho rural, quase sempre combinando o trabalho no próprio assentamento com outros para fazendeiros próximos
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