Abstract
Leaves of Psidium guajava L. (guava) have been widely used in the popular way for prevention and treatment of various diseases. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory potential of leaves aqueous extract from three cultivars of P. guajava (Pedro Sato, Paluma and Século XXI) on α-amylase, α-glycosidase, lipase, and trypsin enzymes, in the presence or not of simulated gastric fluid and to determine the content of phenolic compounds by high performance liquid chromatography. All cultivars presented the same composition in phenolic compounds, but in different proportions. The compounds identified are gallic acid, epigallocatechin gallate, syringic acid, o-coumaric acid, resveratrol, quercetin, and catechin (which was the major compound in all the cultivars evaluated). In the absence of simulated gastric fluid, it was observed different inhibitions exercised by the leaves aqueous extracts from three cultivars of P. guajava on each enzyme. In presence of simulated gastric fluid, all cultivars showed increase in the inhibition of lipase and α-glycosidase, and decrease in inhibition of α-amylase and trypsin enzymes. These results indicate that P. guajava leaves aqueous extracts from all cultivars evaluated possess potential of use as an adjuvant in the treatment of obesity and other dyslipidemias.
Highlights
Obesity is a disease resulting from the excessive accumulation of body fat, and due to the consequences caused by it and its rapid increase throughout the world, it has been considered a global epidemic, with over 1.9 billion overweight adults, from which 600 million are clinically obese
Considering the increasing search for effective therapeutic alternatives, less expensive and of proven security, as well as the lack of scientific information for a wide use of the leaves of P. guajava, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the potential of leaves infusions from different cultivars of P. guajava (Paluma, Pedro Sato and Século XXI) as a source of α-amylase, α-glycosidase, lipase, and trypsin inhibitors, as well as determine the phenolic compounds by high performance liquid chromatography, contributing with information for its future use as an adjuvant in the treatment of obesity and associated diseases
Are demonstrated the chromatograms obtained to phenolic compounds presents in the leaves aqueous extracts from P. guajava cultivars and the phenolic compounds used as standards
Summary
Obesity is a disease resulting from the excessive accumulation of body fat, and due to the consequences caused by it and its rapid increase throughout the world, it has been considered a global epidemic, with over 1.9 billion overweight adults, from which 600 million are clinically obese. The phenolic compounds stands out among the bioactive substances in medicinal plants capable of generating new phytotherapic drugs, and that attends pharmaceutical industry interest. These compounds present several medicinal properties like antioxidants, anti-histamines, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anti-thrombotic (Balasundram et al 2006), and can be used as adjuvants in the treatment of obesity (Klaus et al 2005, Hen et al 2006, Alterio et al 2007, SantiagoMora et al 2011, Zhang et al 2015, Vogel et al 2015)
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