Abstract
Background: Most cardiovascular troubleshot ultimately result of endothelial dysfunction-induced hypertension, an intractable problem in modern medicine. Fagara tessmannii, a shrub of the African rainforests found in Cameroon is traditionally used to treat heart diseases and hypertension. This study aimed to evaluate the preventive effects of the aqueous extract of F. tessmannii (AEFT) on arterial hypertension induced by NG-Nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester (L-NAME). Methods: Male Wistar rats received saline (5 mL.kg-1 , intraperitoneally) or L-NAME (25 mg.kg-1 ; intraperitoneally), L-NAME + AEFT (100 or 200 mg.kg-1 ; orally) or captopril (20 mg.kg-1 ; orally) for three weeks. Then, blood and pulse pressures (BP and PP), heart rate, lipid profile, kidney, liver and heart function markers and oxidative status were evaluated. Results: AEFT (100 and 200 mg.kg-1 ) prevented the increase in BP (p < 0.001), PP (p < 0.01), and heart rate (p < 0.05) induced by L-NAME. The extract has suppressed the decline of weight gain, visceral fat and triglyceridemia, decreased total cholesterol, increased HDL-cholesterol, and significantly reduced (p < 0.001) atherogenic and coronary risk indicators. AEFT also improved the liver, kidney and heart markers, nitrites levels and prevented TBARS enhancement as compared to the hypertensive group. The remodeling of the media and fibrosis process in coronaries were also prevented by the extract. Conclusion: These results suggest that AEFT can prevent endothelial dysfunction-induced hypertension, dyslipidemia and associated atherogenic risks, and oxidative stress induced by L-NAME.
Highlights
The main causes of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) deaths have been increasing and reaching pandemic proportions in both developed and incoming countries [1]
This study aimed to evaluate the preventive effects of the aqueous extract of F. tessmannii (AEFT) on arterial hypertension induced by NG-Nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester (L-NAME)
These results suggest that AEFT can prevent endothelial dysfunction-induced hypertension, dyslipidemia and associated atherogenic risks, and oxidative stress induced by L-NAME
Summary
The main causes of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) deaths have been increasing and reaching pandemic proportions in both developed and incoming countries [1]. Reducing key risk factors as well as hypertension has become the cornerstone to enhance and propel the actual alarming slowdown in the average annualized rate of decline in NCDs mortality so that it can attempt target for a one-third reduction in premature mortality from NCDs by 2030 [810]. It is necessary for the development of new and safer therapies against hypertension [11]. Conclusion: These results suggest that AEFT can prevent endothelial dysfunction-induced hypertension, dyslipidemia and associated atherogenic risks, and oxidative stress induced by L-NAME
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