Abstract
Major pollution problems in Japan have been manifested in outbreaks of mercury and cadmium poisoning in humans and in nationwide occurrences of large fish kills, and fishes with offensive odor or skeletal anomalies. At first, concerns about chronic effects of water-borne toxic chemicals on aquatic life (fish neoplasms, for example) were relatively minimal, because these other acute problems had been so severe. Because of the strong Japanese dietary preference for fish and shellfish, however, more attention is being given to potential chronic effects and their causes. Removal of contaminated sediments from Udono Harbor and Shingu River Estuary, for example, appears to have reduced tumor incidence in fish from 40–50% prior to 1983 to about 20% in 1984–1985. Japan still faces coastal water pollution caused by petroleum hydrocarbons, pesticides, dioxins and dibenzofurans, and the integrated circuit industry (trichloroethylene, etc.), and many semi-enclosed estuaries remain severely polluted.
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