Abstract
In the mid-twentieth century Ingold (1942) discovered a diverse community of stream fungi that he called aquatic hyphomycetes. Although not well defined either taxonomically or ecologically, aquatic hyphomycetes can be broadly delimited by their thin-walled and hyaline (nonpigmented) conidia with characteristic shapes (Fig. 1) and their association with submerged decaying leaves and wood in streams. An important trait of aquatic hyphomycetes is their prolific sporulation under water. The capacity of at least the non-tropical species to germinate, to grow and to reproduce at relatively low temperatures is another noteworthy feature (Ingold, 1975; Webster & Descals, 1981; Barlocher, 1992a).
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