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Abstract
Abstract As satellite high-frequency passive microwave data have recently become available, there is an increasing demand for an accurate and computationally efficient method to calculate the single scattering properties of nonspherical ice particles, so that it may be used in radiative transfer models for physical retrievals of ice water path and snowfall rate. In this study, two such approximations are presented for calculating the single scattering properties of three types of large ice particles: bullet rosettes, sector snowflakes, and dendrite snowflakes, for the frequency range of 85 to 220 GHz, based on results of discrete-dipole approximation (DDA) modeling. By analyzing the DDA modeling results, it is noted that, for nonspherical ice particles, the scattering and absorption cross sections and the asymmetry parameter have a magnitude between those of the two imaginary equal-mass spheres. One is a solid sphere, and the other is an ice–air mixed soft sphere whose diameter equals the particle's maxim...
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