Abstract
Since the inherent intermittency and uncertainty of renewable energy resources complicates efficient Microgrid operations, a Demand Response (DR) scheme is implemented for customers in the grid to alter their power-usage patterns. However, for a real-time pricing model at the current DR, the automated decision on the energy price is not trustworthy because of artificial interferences to the power generation. As opposed to energy price, an operational cost-based prosumer scheduling approach would be able to protect the integrity of the power grid operations from deceptive market transactions and assist in robust energy management. To investigate the operational challenges associated with the costs and prosumers in the Microgrid, we focus on formulating the problem mathematically and designing approximation algorithms to solve the problem of how to optimally identify suppliers to minimize the total operational costs associated with providing electricity. We prove the hardness of the scheduling as one of the NP-Hard problems and propose polynomial time algorithms for approximating optimal solutions. With a proper resilience level for reliable power services, the scheduling algorithms include ways to construct not only robust supplier networks, but also group energy communities in terms of black start while minimizing the operational costs. A series of theoretical performances and experimental evaluations also demonstrates the practical effectiveness of this scheduling model for the operations.
Highlights
The Microgrid represents a way to propel utilities and their electricity-delivery systems into the 21st century by enabling them to autonomously and dynamically coordinate local generation and demands
The optimal operation of the Microgrid would extend beyond the state-of-the-art methods by introducing a selective operational power-exchanging model that is based on determining the minimum operational costs
The internal nodes on a path downward in the tree are grouped into suppliers, and the leaves are turned into consumers, which helps in the selection of the minimum operational cost to provide electricity to prosumers
Summary
The Microgrid represents a way to propel utilities and their electricity-delivery systems into the 21st century by enabling them to autonomously and dynamically coordinate local generation and demands. Reliable solutions to integrate distributed generation units can save money, reduce air pollutant emissions, and increase the resilience of electric-power services Due to these benefits, Microgrids help establish local clean-energy delivery systems that meet the specific demands of the constituents being served. In this study, we devise scheduling algorithms to allow the operation plans of local power grids to adopt the generation cost, not the vulnerable price, as the value of power. The proposed scheduling scheme builds on the idea of classifying all prosumers into suppliers and consumers by imposing a role of either providing electric power to the grid or using the energy from the power networks to determine the optimal operational cost. We propose approximation algorithms that can produce optimized solutions for the prosumer scheduling problem to provide electric power services with minimum costs.
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