Abstract
A semi-analytical approximate method, Vopt, is applied to a planar photonic bandgap (PBG) waveguide and a coupler configuration. The variational process of the Vopt method presents simple effective index analysis of the complex two dimensional (2-D) structures. The Vopt method expresses the refractive index profile of the 2-D structure as two 1-D refractive index profiles and obtains the optimized indices for the two structures iteratively. The Vopt method separates the planar PBG waveguide into an effective multilayer waveguide confining optical field in the lateral direction and a 1-D Bragg reflector that gives characteristic reflection/transmission spectra. The results obtained by the Vopt method show good agreement with the numerical results of the finite difference time domain analysis. The present analysis is helpful in understanding the optical properties of such complex waveguides and can be used as starting approximation for optimizing the structures for various applications.
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