Abstract
Polluted land in marginalized regions, such as tropical low-income countries and sparsely populated regions in industrialised countries, demand special remediation strategies that are energy-effici...
Highlights
Soil contamination by pollutants from the petroleum sector is a worldwide problem due to spillage, improper handling and transport of liquid fuel and oil (FAO, 2018; Kuranchie et al, 2019; Lawal, 2017; Mansour et al, 2017; Nkansah et al, 2017; Olive, 2018; Riser-Roberts, 1998)
If low cost is a crucial factor, our results indicate that whey treatment has the potential to be an appropriate technology for treating petroleum-contaminated soils in tropical regions
This suggests that the optimum treatment level was exceeded by the repeated applications since pyroligneous acid (PA) has an inhibitory effect on microorganisms at high concentrations (Yoshimura et al, 1995)
Summary
Soil contamination by pollutants from the petroleum sector is a worldwide problem due to spillage, improper handling and transport of liquid fuel and oil (FAO, 2018; Kuranchie et al, 2019; Lawal, 2017; Mansour et al, 2017; Nkansah et al, 2017; Olive, 2018; Riser-Roberts, 1998) In marginalized regions, such as low-income countries in the Global South and sparsely populated regions in industrialised countries, economic incentives are small for soil remediation to take place (Haller et al, 2018; Jonsson & Haller, 2014; Lans-Ceballos et al, 2018).
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