Approaches to tackling obesity in children

Abstract

The increasing prevalence of obesity in children is an issue in many countries across the world. While undernutrition (in terms of deficient nutrient intake) continues to be a problem for many children, overnutrition (in terms of energy intake in excess of needs) is an increasing public health concern. Our genetic make−up has evolved to deal with an environment where food is scarce at times and plentiful at other times. In this type of environment the capacity for fat deposition means that we are more likely to survive through periods when food is scarce. Our bodies may also seek to minimise energy expenditure in order not to expend too much of our fat stores. Children today are faced with an environment where food is of a high quality and plentiful, and there are many opportunities to limit physical activity. Play is often focused on sedentary games and entertainment,such as watching television. Many children today are, therefore, dealing with an environment which promotes obesity.