Abstract
Abstract The article discusses individual approaches to the formation of the architectural and spatial environment of maternity hospitals and perinatal centres contributing to social distancing. A ‘functional-spatial’ approach is proposed, in which the boundaries of spaces in the most active functional areas of the maternity hospital are changed: entrance area, reception of women in labour, area for relatives and visitors of the hospital, delivery of newborns, consultations in the polyclinic department of the maternity hospital. As a planning technique for distancing is proposed the formation of a system of space ‘soft borders’ using flexible, inclined, semi-cylindrical and ‘flowing’ translucent partitions. The second, ‘environmental approach’, is based on changing the scheme of communication and environmental situations in the internal environment of the maternity hospital due to the thoughtful arrangement of furniture and interior equipment, as well as due to light, colour and graphic navigation. Such a reorganization of the architectural and spatial structure of the maternity hospitals, based on the requirements of social distancing, preserves the value characteristics of the therapeutic environment.
Highlights
The circumstances that the world is facing today in the form of a new global threat to human health – a pandemic, radically change the approaches to the formation of the architectural space of medical institutions which have a large flow of visitors
The purpose of this study is to develop effective methods of architectural and spatial transformation and transformation of the internal and external environment of maternity hospitals, taking into consideration the provision of social distancing and the maximum possible preservation of the qualities of therapeutic environment
The concept of therapeutic environment is a promising direction for the modernization and improvement of the architectural and spatial structure of medical institutions, including maternity hospitals
Summary
The circumstances that the world is facing today in the form of a new global threat to human health – a pandemic, radically change the approaches to the formation of the architectural space of medical institutions which have a large flow of visitors. This situation is most acute in the field of medical institutions for women during childbirth. Uncomfortable stress situations arise in institutions set up in old buildings with a lack of space This affects the emotional state of women and partly poses a threat to the therapeutic environment of institutions. It becomes urgent to search for methods of modernizing the planning of architectural, spatial and infrastructure systems taking into consideration the new way of life in which architecture will respond to the prevailing circumstances due to the ‘flexibility’ of internal spaces
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